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Wani ɗan tsiro da ya fito wa Joao mai shekara 63 a kan azzakarinsa ne ya sa ya fara ganin likita karon farko a 2018.

"Na fara bibiyar cibiyoyin lafiya domin sanin mene ne wannan abun, likitoci suka ce min fatar azzakarina ce ta zazzago saboda ba a yi min kaciya ba, suka yi ta ba ni magani," in ji shi.

Duk da shan magani da nake yi, na gano cewa wannan tsiron na ci gaba girma.

Daga baya ya koma ganin kwararru na musamman, waɗanda suka ba ni sabbin magunguna da kuma sabon gwaji kan tsiron, inda aka gutsure shi domin gwaji a kan shi.

"Ba a ga wani abin tashin hankali ba a gwajin, amma likitocin sun ci gaba da ba ni magunguna. Abu ya ƙi ci ya ƙi cinyewa.

"A 2023 ya gano me ke damun shi, lokacin da aka duba shi a wani asibitin gwamnati da ke Sao Paulo, a cibiyar kula da kansa ta jihar, inda nan ma aka ƙara yi masa gwaji kan tsiron.

Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yana ɗauke ne da kansar mazakuta.

"Abu ne mara daɗi da mamaki da takaici ga kowa a gidanmu, musamman tunda aka ji labarin za a cire wani ɓangare na mazakutata. Ji nake tamkar kaina ne aka cire," in ji Joao.

"Irin kansar da ba ka gaya wa mutane kana fama da ita ce, saboda ka da su yi maka dariya."

Ana gutsure wa maza 10 mazakuta a kowane mako

Alƙaluman binciken wata cibiya a Brazil da ke lura da matsalolin mafitsara daga ma'aikatar lafiya, sun nuna a kullum wannan matsala ƙaruwa take yi a Brazil.

Tsakanin 2013 zuwa 2022, an yi wa maza kimanin 19,900 gwajin cutar kansar mazakuta, inda kimanin 5,600 ke buƙatar sai an gutsure musu azzakari idan ana so su ci gaba da rayuwa. A taƙaice kusan maza 10 ake gutsure wa mazakuta a kowane mako.

A cewar binciken, kusan dukkan waɗanda aka gutsure wa mazakuta a ƙasar an cire musu ne sakamakon kamuwa da kansa, suna kamuwa ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

Tun daga 008 ake samun ƙaruwar waɗanda ake gutsure wa zakarin a Brazil sakamakon kansa.

A shekarar an samu mutum 411 da matsalar, a watan Janairu zuwa Nuwambar bara mutum 573 sun samu wannan matsala - an samu ƙaruwa da kusan kashi 40.

"Abin takaicin shi ne, kunya ko kuma rashin samun kulawar lafiya da ta dace, abin da ya zama ruwan dare tsakanin maza.

"Jan ƙafa wajen zuwa asibiti a kan lokaci yana haifar da matsala sannan ya jawo koma-baya wajen yin magani."

Rashin zuwa asibiti a kan lokacin na ƙara yawan haɗarin da ake fuskanta wajen gutsure zakarin, kuma lokacin da ake ɗauka ba tare da shan magani ba yakan ƙara munin cutar a jiki.

Wannan kuma ya na ƙara haɗarin mutuwa dalilin cutar, wanda masu kamuwar ba su fi 0.29 ciki mutum 100,000.

Ƙasar Brazil ita ce ta uku a duniya da ke da yawan mazan da ke mutuwa dalilin kansar mazakuta.

Domin fahimtar wannan matsala Cibiyar Lura da Mafitsara ta Brazil ta fitar da alƙaluman cutar a duniya a 2020, mutum 539 ne suka mutu a Brazil a Indiya kuma mutum 4,760 sai China wadda take da mutum 1,565 da suka mutu.

Ma'aikatar lafiyar ƙasar ta ce za ta fara wani gangamin wayar da kai kan wannan kansa ta mazakuta.

Ma'aikatar ta ce yanzu haka gwamnatin ƙasar na ci gaba da bincike kan tsare-tsaren lafiyar da ake da su da kuma taimaka wa masu fama da kansa.

Ta yaya za a kauce wa kamuwa da cutar?

Wani ƙwararre da aka yi magana da shi a BBC News Brazil ya nuna cewa kansar mazakuta ba irin sauran kansa ba ce domin kuwa tana ɗaya daga cikin wadanda ake iya kare kai daga kamuwa da su, idan kuma an kamu za a iya warkewa.

Babu shakka cutar na da alaƙa ta kai tsaye da talauci da rashin abubuwan more rayuwa.

"Ba cuta ba ce da aka fiye samu tsakanin mawadata, ko ƙasashen da aka ci gaba, an fi samun cutar tsakanin talakawa," in ji Inca Abreu.

A Brazil, bincike ya nuna yankin arewa da kuma arewa maso gabas nan ne talauci ya fi ƙamari, kuma akwai masu fama da cutar da yawa a wajen, yayin da yankin kudanci mai arziki babu masu cutar da yawa.

"Wani rashin sa'a, har yanzu Brazil kasa ce da take da wagegen gibi a ɓangaren ilimi mai inganci, wanda hakan yake janyo koma-baya kan samun bayanai, ciki kuwa har da rashin samun tsaftataccen muhalli," in ji Mauricio Cordeiro wani kwararren a fannin mafitsara.

"Tsaftar muhalli na taimakawa wajen hana kamuwa da kansar mazakuta haka ma zuwa asbiti a kan lokaci, hakan na kare kaiwa ga maganar guntsure azzakarin," kamar yadda ya yi bayani.

Binciken mai suna Maranhao - Brazil matalauciyar ƙasa - kuma tana kan gaba wajen masu fama da tsiron zakari a duniya. Inda ake samun kimanin 6.1 a duk mutum 100,000.

"Shi yasa yake da muhimmanci ga maza su riƙa samun shawarwari da bayanan da ke haddasa cutar, da kuma rashin yin kaciya.

In an ce "Phimosis" a turance shi ne fatar da ke kan zakari wadda ake yankewa lokacin kaciya, ita ce take rufe kan azzakarin maza, wanda yake shiga jikin al'aurar mata lokacin saduwa.

Idan mutum yana jariri za a ganta a jikinsa, amma tana girma lokacin da mutum ya girma, kuma yana janyo cuta da damuwa.

Mazan da ba a yi musu kaciya ba, ba sa iya wanke zakarinsu yadda ya kamata, saboda fatar da ke rufe kan zakarin ita ma girma take yi.

Rashin wanke zakari tamkar rashin wanke al'aurar mata ne, wajen zai yi zafi ya riƙa wari kuma ba wuya cuta take baibaye wajen sai ya zama an shiga haɗarin kamuwa da kansar mazakuta.

Alamu masu firgitarwa da ganin likita

A Brazil kansar mazakuta tana shafar maza ne da suka haura shekara 50.

"Duk raunin da aka ji a jikin zakari ya ƙi warkewa, kamata ya yi a garzaya wajen ƙwararrun masana lafiya domin samun shawara a kai, musamman kwararru kan matsalar mazakuta," in ji Diogo Abreu.

Cikin alamun da ake gargaɗin a kansu akwai:

Kwararru da BBC ta tattaunawa da su sun ce ƙaramin mataki da za a ɗauka a farkon kamuwa zai iya maganinta.

Wanke azzakari a kullum da sabulu da ruwa, a kuma wanke kan azzakarin ga mutanen da ba a yi wa kaciya ba duk lokacin da aka yi saduwa yana taimakawa wajen rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar in ji Abreu.

"Bugu da ƙari, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci mutum ya daina shan hayaƙi ya kuma riƙa amfani da roba duk lokacin da ya yi tarayya da mace domin kauce wa cutukan da ke da alaƙa da saduwa," kamar yadda likitan ya jaddada.

Da zarar an gano kansar mazakuta, za a fara yin maganinta ciki har da cire kurajen da take haifarwa, ko kuma cire zakarin baki ɗaya kamar yadda ma'aikatar lafiya ta Brazil ta bayyana.

Ana kuma iya amfani da fasahar haske wajen ƙona irin wannan tsiro ko kuma a yi wa mutum aiki.

Ma'aikatar ta ce idan aka gano cutar da wuri, ana iya magance ta cikin sauƙi.

Tambaya mafi muhimmanci kan kansar mazakuta

Kansar azzakari na da kashi biyu cikin ɗari na kansar da ke addabar maza.

Sau nawa kake wanke azzakarinka a rana kuma yaya kake wankewar?

Ya danganta da inda take, in zafi take yi lamarinsa daban haka in sanyi yake, a jike take ko kuma a bushe, idan mutum yana yawan gumi ko fitsari akai-akai, ko kuma fatar da ta rufe kan kaciyarsa ta fito to akwai matsala.

A taƙaice wanke jikin mazakuta da sabulu aƙalla sau ɗaya a rana, mutum ya janye fatar da ta rufe kan kaciyarsa ya wanke dattin da ke cikin zakarin, wanda yake sa wani lokacin ya yi tauri, wanda hakan ke sa zakarin ya riƙa fitar da ruwa mai wari.

Ka da ruwan ya yi zafi, ba kuma ko wanne sabulu za a iya sawa a yi wannan wankin ba.

Bugu da ƙari kuma, ya kamata yara maza su koyi yadda ake wanke zakarin har ya zama halayyarsu.

Mene ne dalilin da yasa ake so zakari ya bushe bayan an yi wanka?

Ɗumin ruwan wanka da zafin jiki za su iya haifar da ƙaruwar kwayoyin cuta a jikin mutum.

Bayan fitsari, mutum zai iya girgiza zakarinsa domin fitar da ruwan?

Karkaɗe azzakari tare da tabbatar da dukka ɗigon fitsarin ya fita, musamman domin kauce wa kamuwa da cutuka.

Abin da ake buƙata shi ne bayan kammala fitsarin, a wanke shi a kuma goge shi.

Ya ya kamata a wanke azzakari lokacin saduwa?

A ganin wasu masanan, yin amfani da roba lokacin saduwa domin tabbatar da tsafta.

Ganin jini a cikin fitsari na nuna alamar kansar azzakari?

Sai ai idan tsiron da ya fito ya na ci gaba kuma ya shiga cikin mafitsara, wanda hakan dai ba alama ce da aka fiye gani kasafai ba.

Sai dai akwai buƙatar a yi bincike a kai, saboda zai iya zama wani rashin lafiyar mai haɗari, kamar na azzakari ko kansar koda.

Me ke janyo kansar azzakari?

Kansar azzakari na da alaƙa da shan hayaki, HIV da kuma bayyanar fatar da ke rufe mazakuta, wadda ke sanya wanke shi ya zama abu mai wuya kuma ba ta bari a fitar da dattin da ke wurin, wadda kuma take janyo kamuwa da cuta cikin sauki.

Amma dai ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke janyo ta shi ne HPV.

Kuma alƙaluman da wata cibiyar bincike ta Burtaniya ta fitar sun nuna kashi 60 cikin 100 na wannan cutar ana kamuwa ne dalilin HPV.