A Survey of Academic Teaching Practices in Pediatric Primary Care for Children with IOE
In a recent study published in the June 2024 issue of Pediatrics by Rohde et al., the focus was on understanding the current academic teaching practices in pediatric primary care for children with intrauterine opioid exposure (IOE).
Challenges in Primary Care for Children with IOE
The study highlighted the lack of clinical guidelines to address the primary care needs of children with IOE, a concerning trend that has intensified over the last two decades. The research aimed to analyze clinician-reported screening and referral practices, identify barriers to effective primary care, and explore characteristics associated with these barriers.
Insights from the Survey
Conducted from April to June 2022, a cross-sectional survey targeted pediatric residents, pediatricians, and advanced practitioners across 28 primary care clinics affiliated with seven pediatric residency programs. The results indicated that while 99.3% of respondents recognized the importance of screening for parental substance use, only 11.6% reported routinely implementing such screenings. Additionally, about half of the clinicians referred children with IOE to early intervention services and social work on a regular basis.
Addressing Barriers to Care
A significant barrier identified in the study was the absence of standard substance use screening protocols. Clinicians who reported fewer obstacles in addressing parental opioid use disorder (OUD) typically had access to OUD treatment programs and home visiting services. The findings underscored the need for standardized guidelines to improve primary care practices for children affected by IOE.
Enhancing Care and Access
The research revealed considerable variability in screening and referral practices among pediatricians caring for children with IOE. Access to parental OUD treatment programs played a crucial role in mitigating barriers to care within pediatric settings. By establishing and implementing consistent guidelines, healthcare providers can enhance outcomes and ensure more uniform care for this vulnerable population.
In conclusion, addressing the complex needs of children with intrauterine opioid exposure requires a coordinated approach that includes standardized protocols and improved access to essential services. By optimizing primary care practices, healthcare professionals can make a meaningful impact on the well-being of these children.