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A duk lokacin da aka samu wata annoba a duniya, ƙasashen duniya, da ƙwararru a fannin lafiya da sauran gamagarin mutane kan jira hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta fitar da mafita da kuma tallafi.

Hukumar Lafiyar ta Duniya dai ta ce ita ce ke da alhakin samar da ingantacciyar lafiya ga kowa sannan ta yi ƙoƙarin samawa "kowa a ko'ina dama ta bai ɗaya dangane da ingantacciyar lafiya.

An kafa hukumar ne dai a shekarar 1948 kuma hedikwatarta na ƙasar Switzerland.

Hukumar WHO wani reshe ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, inda babban burinta shi ne kula da lafiyar al'ummar duniya.

Harwayau, hukumar ita ce ke da alhakin kawar da cutuka.

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Hukumar Lafiya ta WHO na da ƙasashe mambobi guda 194, kuma tana gudanar da ayyuka da dama da suka haɗa da gangamin allurar rigakafi da taimakon mutanen a lokutan annoba da kuma tallafawa ƙasashe da harkar lafiya.

WHO na fitar da hanyoyin da za a bi wajen ingancin abinci da gwajin magunguna da kuma samar da tsari ga hanyoyin waraka.

Hukumar na samun kuɗaɗenta daga ƙasashe mambobi da kuma ta hanyar tallafi. Ko a shekarar 2023 hukumar ta samu dala biliyan 6.72.

Tun shekarar 2017, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus wanda tsohon jami'in hulɗar jakadanci ne ɗan ƙasar Ethiopia kuma ministan lafiyar ƙasar yake jagorantar hukumar.

Yadda WHO ke kai ɗauki

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Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya na aiki tare da gwamnatoci wajen daƙile annoba kamar bala'o'i da ayyukan jinƙai da cutukan da ke yaɗuwa a duniya.

Tana kuma da hannu wajen samar da sha'anin kiwon lafiya ga waɗanda ke buƙata a wuraren yaƙi kamar a Gaza.

A kasashen da suka cigaba kuwa, hanyar da hukumar ta WHO ke bi wajen inganta lafiyar ƴan ƙasashen ita ce ta hanyar bai wa jama'a horo na musamman domin su zamo ma'aikatan jinya da na lafiya a ƙasashen nasu.

WHO na kuma wallafa alƙaluma da bayanai dangane da manyan annoba da ke taimaka wa al'ummar fahimta da kuma samar da tsare-tsare dangane da annoba.

Shirin rigakafi

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Ayyukan WHO sun haɗa da sanya ido da daƙile cutuka da samar da waraka da magunguna ga cutuka masu yaɗuwa da cutuka masu alaƙa da ƙwaƙwalwa.

Hukumar tana kuma aiki wajen kawo ƙarshen cutukan da ke haifar da gangami a faɗin duniya. Misali, a 1974, WHO ta fara wani shirin allurar rigakafi na EPI. Tunda farko dai shirin na da burin yi wa ƙananan yara a faɗin duniya rigakafin cutuka guda shida kamar haka:

An faɗaɗa shirin daga baya zuwa guda 13 sannan aka amince da ƙarin rigakafi 17 ga wasu cutuka.

Nasarori

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kawar da cutar farankama na ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da hukumar WHO ta cimma a rayuwarta.

Farankama dai cuta ce da ta addabi yara inda ta haddasa miliyoyin mace-mace kafin kawar da ita.

Hukumar WHO wadda ta ƙaddamar da gangamin kawar da faran kamar a 1967 inda ya ƙunshi gangami da sa-idanu a faɗin duniya na tsawon wasu shekaru.

Bayan kuma kwashe shekaru fiye da 10 ana gudanar aiki, hukumar ta WHO ta ayyana kawo ƙarshen cutar ta farankama a shekarar 1980. Ita kaɗai ce cutar da ta samu wannan tagomashin kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa "ɗaya daga cikin fitattun annobar da aka samu nasara a kansu a tarihi", in ji WHO.

Sakamakon yunƙurin da aka yi a faɗn duniya, yanzu haka an kawar da cutar shan-inna a wasu ƙasashe idan ban da Pakistan da Afghanistan.

To sai dai wani yunƙurin farko da aka yi domin kawar da cutar maleriya da aka ƙaddamar a 1955, ya samu cikas inda aka gintse shi a 1969 sannan kuma gangamin na tafiyar hawainiya.

Hukumar ta WHO ta ce shawarwarin da majalisar hukumar ta lafiya ta ɗauka mabanbanta - wani ɓangare da ke yanke abubuwan da hukumar ke yi wanda ke da wakilai daga ƙasashe mambobi - ya tabbatar da burin hukumar tun 1955 har zuwa 2015.

Tun dai 2015, an ayyana ƙasashe 12 a matsayin ƙasashen hukumar lafiyar ta duniya ta kawar da cutar maleriya. Babban burin WHO dai da ke ƙunshe a tsarinta na "Kawar da cutar malaeriya 2016 -2030" shi ne ganin an kawar da cutar a aƙalla kasashe 30 ya zuwa 2030.

a 2021, rigakafin farko ta maleriya ta samu sahhalewar hukumar WHO domin yi ga kananan yara, sannan a 2023 hukumar ta ƙaddamar da shirin allurar rigakafi. Dangane kuma da sabon shirin, ƙasashe 12 daga nahiyar Afirka sun shirya tsaf domin su karɓi allurai miliyan 18 na cutar ta maleriya a 2025.

Sukar da WHO ke sha

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Hukumar ta sha suka dangane da martaninta ga ɓarkewar annobar Ebola a Yammacin Afirka a 2014, inda aka ce ma'aikatanta ba su ƙware ba wani abu da aka alaƙanta da gaza kai ɗauki domin daƙile cutar.

Magoya bayan hukumar sun ce wasu da cikin soke-soken da aka yi wa hukumar a lokacin cewa na rashin adalci ne kasancewar abin da ake tsammanin faruwa ba mai yiwuwa ba ne.

WHO za ta iya samar da alƙaluma da sharhi, sai dai kuma ba ta da damar aiwatar da wani mataki ita kaɗai. Za ta iya aiki ne bayan da wata ƙasa mamba ta nemi ɗauki kawai.

Hukumar ta kuma fuskanci matsanancin sa-ido kan irin martaninta ga annobar korona.

A shekarar 2020, shugaban Amurka, Donald Trump ya sanar cewa zai ɗauke ƙasarsa daga kasancewarta mamba a hukumar, yana mai cewa WHO ba ta yi abin da ya kamata ba wajen daƙile annobar korona inda ya ƙara da sukar ta da cewa akalarta na hannu ƙasar China a lokacin annobar.

Amurka ita ce ƙasar da ta fi bayar da taimako ga hukumar saboda haka ficewarta zai zama babban ƙalubale ga WHO.

To sai jim kaɗan bayan zaɓar sa a matsayin shugaban Amurka, Joe Biden ya soke abin da Trump ya yi aniyar aiwatarwa sannan ya ba da tabbacin goyon baya na siyasa da tallafin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar a 2021.