Breast cancer patients undergoing hormone modulating therapy (HMT) may benefit from a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, according to a recent study published in JAMA Network Open.
Protective Effect of HMT
The study, led by senior author Francesmary Modugno, Ph.D. M.P.H., highlighted the protective effect of HMT against dementia development, particularly in younger patients. However, the association was observed to diminish with age and varied among different racial groups.
Individualized Treatment Approach
Modugno emphasized the importance of considering individual patient factors when prescribing medications or treatment plans for breast cancer. The study included over 18,000 breast cancer patients, with two-thirds receiving HMT within three years of diagnosis.
Age-Specific Effects
The research indicated that the protective effect of HMT was most significant in patients aged 65 to 69, with a decrease in effectiveness observed in older age groups. Notably, patients over 80 showed an increased risk of ADRD with HMT use.
Racial Disparities
The study also highlighted racial disparities in the risk of developing ADRD with HMT use. Black women aged 65 through 74 experienced a greater reduction in ADRD risk compared to white women, suggesting the need for tailored treatment plans based on age and race.
Complex Relationship
The study identified three main types of HMT, each influencing the risk of developing ADRD differently. Estrogen, a key player in HMT, was found to have neuroprotective effects that could impact ADRD risk.
Future Research Directions
The researchers stressed the need for ongoing research to understand the complex relationship between HMT for breast cancer and dementia risk. Plans for future studies include including younger women to further explore this link.
Conclusion
The study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of HMT in reducing the risk of dementia in breast cancer patients. The findings underscore the importance of personalized treatment approaches based on age, race, and individual patient factors to optimize outcomes and minimize risks. For more information, refer to the study published in JAMA Network Open (2024).