Asalin hoton, Getty Images

• Marubuci, Abdirahim Saeed, Ahmed Nour, Paul Cusiac & Richard Irvine-Brown
• Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC Arabic & BBC Verify

Shekara guda kenan bayan da rikici ya ɓarke tsakanin sojojin Sudan da dakarun Rapid Support Forces (RSF), wanda ya jefa ƙasar cikin yaƙin basasa.

Rikicin dai ya faro ne a babban birnin ƙasar Khartoum kuma ya bazu a faɗin ƙasar, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban mutane, tare da lalata gine-gine da ababen more rayuwa.

Wani babban jami’in Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya shaida wa BBC cewa, a halin yanzu Sudan na kan hanyar da za ta zama ƙasar da ta fi fama da matsalar yunwa a duniya.

"Muna da wani bala'i a hannunmu, kuma tsoro na shine kada ya ƙara ta'azzara," in ji Michael Dunford, babban jami'in agajin gaggawa na Sudan a shirin samar da abinci na (WFP).

Kusan mutane miliyan 18 ke fama da ''matsananciyar yunwa" kuma wannan adadi na iya keta haka nan gaba.

Masana harkokin agaji sun kuma yi gargadin cewa mutane 220,000 za su iya mutuwa a watanni masu zuwa.

Asalin hoton, WFP/Gemma Snowdon

Faɗan ya ɓarke ne a ranar 15 ga Afrilun 2023 lokacin da aka raba gari tsakanin rundunar sojin ƙasar da tsohuwar kawarta RSF.

Abin da ya haddasa lamarin shi ne wani shirin siyasa da ke samun goyon bayan ƙasashen duniya da ke da niyyar mayar da mulki ga fararen hula.

Ƙwararru na fargabar alƙaluman Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kusan mutane 14,000 da suka mutu sun yi ƙasa sosai, inda ake tuananin adadin fi haka yawa sosai.

Sama da mutane miliyan takwas ne aka tilastawa barin gidajensu, inda da dama suka rasa matsugunansu yayin da wasu kuma suka tsallaka kan iyaka zuwa ƙasashen da ke makwabtaka da Sudan.

Birni mai tarihi ya zama kufai

Babban birnin, Khartoum, tare da garuruwan Omdurman da Bahri da ke makwabtaka da juna, su ne suka haɗa babban garin Khartoum. Gida ce ga mutane sama da miliyan bakwai kafin yaƙin.

Dakarun RSF na rike da yankuna da dama na birnin amma sojojin na kai hare-hare kuma a baya-bayan nan sun ƙwace iko da hedkwatar gidan talabijin na ƙasar da ke Omdurman.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

An ruguza aƙalla asibitoci uku da jami’a guda sakamakon rikicin.

Dokta Alaa El-Din El-Nour daga Khartoum ya shaida wa BBC cewa asibitoci na fuskantar matsanancin ƙarancin magunguna.

"Ba mu da kwanciyar hankali a matsayinmu na likitoci, an kuma sace magunguna da kayan aiki," in ji shi.

WFP ta ce lalata kayayyakin more rayuwa na ƙara ta'azzara halin jin ƙai.

Mista Dunford ya ƙara da cewa "Lamarin ƙara tsananta matsalar karancin abinci."

BBC Verify da BBC Arabic sun tattara ƙarin misalan ɓarnar da aka yi a Khartoum da ke haifar da matsalar jin ƙai.

Gadar Shambat wadda ta haɗa garuruwan Omdurman da Bahri ta ruguje a watan Nuwamban da ya gabata. Wuri ne mai mahimmanci ga RSF waɗanda suka yi amfani da ita wurin safarar da mayaka da kayan aiki a kogin Nilu.

A cikin watan Janairu, matatar mai ta al-Jaili da ke arewacin Khartoum ta kama wuta bayan da aka ce an gwabza faɗa. Matatar ta kasance a tsakiyar rikicin iko tsakanin ɓangarorin da ke faɗa da juna.

Leon Moreland, wani mai bincike a wata ƙungiyar agaji ta Burtaniya, mai lura da rikice-rikice da muhalli, ya ce manyan tankunan ajiya 32 sun lalace a wasu hare-hare guda uku tsakanin watan Nuwamba 2023 da Janairun wannan shekarar.

"Man fetur na iya kaiwa ga ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da gonaki kuma yana iya gangarowa zuwa kogin Nilu idan har nba a daƙile shi ba," kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC Arabic.

"Wannan sabon gurbatar yanayi zai ƙara tsananta gurɓacewar ƙasa da aka taba samu a wurin, wanda hotunan tauraron ɗan adam ya daɗe da yin muni a yankin."

Hotunan tauraron ɗan adam sun kuma nuna cewa babu komai a cikin tankunan ajiyar ruwa a tashoshin ruwa guda uku a birnin Khartoum. Ba a kuma san yadda hakan ya faru ba.

Hassan Mohammed, ɗan shekara 31 daga birnin Khartoum, ya shaida wa BBC Arabic cewa ya shafe watanni huɗu yana fama da matsalar rashin ruwan sha da wutar lantarki.

Ya ƙara da cewa "Muna tafiya mai nisa don samun ruwa mai tsafta ko kuma dogaro da ruwan kogin da bai dace da sha ba, wanda ke janyo yaɗuwar cututtuka."

An dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a filin jiragen sama na Khartoum a farkon yaƙin bayan ya kasance fagen daga, wanda hakan ya yi tasiri wajen isar da kayan agaji cikin kasar.

BBC Verify ta tabbatar da wasu bidiyo daga filin jirgin saman a farkon sa'o'i 48 na rikicin kamar yadda wasu mutane suka yaɗa ta kafafen sada zumunta kamar haka:

Bidiyon farko da BBC Verify ya duba a ranar 15 ga Afrilu ya fito ne daga ɓangaren arewacin ƙarshen titin jirgin, inda aka ga dakarun RSF na gudu ta titin jirgin suna kuma harbi a kusa da manyan gine-ginen filin jirgin.

Jim kaɗan bayan haka, hayaki mai karfi ya ɓullo daga aƙalla jirgin sama ɗaya da ke cin wuta a arewacin ƙarshen titin jirgin.

Wani bidiyo kuma ya nuna wasu jiragen, mai yiwuwa su ne waɗanda ke ci da wuta a bidiyon farko, amma a wannan karon daga ɓangaren gabashin filin jirgin.

Ana zargin sojoji da dakarun RSF da laifin lalata muhimman ababen more rayuwa a Khartoum, amma su kuma ɓangarorin biyu suna zargin juna.

Babu ranar ƙarewa

Ana kuma gwabza faɗa a wasu sassan ƙasar Sudan, musamman a yankin Darfur da ke yammacin ƙasar, inda aka shafe shekaru ana tashe tashen hankula tsakanin al'ummarta na Afirka da Larabawa.

Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan da Cibiyar Yaɗa Labarai ta Resilience - wata ƙungiyar bincike da gwamnatin Birtaniya ta yi - ya gano cewa an kona ƙauyuka sama da 100 a yammacin Sudan.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

ni mai sharhi kan tattalin arzikin Sudan Wael Fahmy ya ce tasirin da yaƙin ke yi yakin ke yi a fannin tattalin arziki da kuma tsarin abinci ya yi haddasa yanayi mai matukar hadari.

“Tattalin arzikin ƙasar ya ragu da 50%kuma kusan kashi 60% na ayyukan noma ya sun tsaya,” in ji shi.

Shirin WFP ma ba shi da ƙwarin gwiwa.

Michael Dunford ya ce "Abin da ke faruwa a Sudan a yau babban abin takaici ne, muna ganin cewa yanzu abin ya wuce yadda ake tunani."

Ƙokarin da ƙasashen duniya suka yi na ƙulla yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ya ci tura duk da cewa ana yunƙurin sake shiga tattaunawa a birnin Jeddah na Saudiyya.