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Wani daftarin doka da ke muradin samar da ''al'umma maras shan sigari'' tsakanin yara masu tasowa a Birtaniya.

Dokar da ke shirin haramta sayen taba, ta wuce karatu na farko a majalisar dokokin ƙasar.

Sabuwar dokar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin dokoki mafiya tsauri da aka sanya wa shan taba a duniya, kuma za ta iya fara aiki a ƙarshen shekarar da muke ciki.

Fiye da ƙasashe 150 ne suka gabatar da matakai domin daƙile shaye-shaye tsakanin al'umominsu.

Mece ce dokar haramta shaye-shaye a Birtaniya?

Sabuwar dokar taba sigari da zugar hayaƙi, za ta haramta sayar da tabar a Ingila da Wales ga duk wanda aka haifa ranar ko kafin ranar 1 ga watan Janairun 2009.

Ana sa ran Scotland da Ireland ta Arewa su gabatar da makamanciyar wannan doka a ƙasashensu.

A halin yanzu mafi ƙaraancin shekarun da doka ta amince mutum ya sayi taba sigari a Birtaniya shi ne 18.

Sabuwar dokar za ta ƙara shekara guda kan wannan adadi, duk bayan shekara ɗaya, a haka-haka har a kai matsayin da ba wanda zai iya sayenta.

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Sabuwar dokar Birtaniyar ta samu karɓuwa ne bayan da New Zealand ta zartar da makamanciyarta a 2023, wadda ita ma ta haramta sayar da taba sigari ga mutanen da aka haifa a farko-farkon 2009.

Da farko an tsara cewa dokar ta New Zealand za ta fara aiki a watan Yulin 2024, to amma an janyeta sakamakon sauyin gwamnati.

Waɗanne ƙasashe ne suka ɓullo da dokar hana shan taba sigari?

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ce a yanzu akwai ƙasashe 151 da ke da dokokin haramta shan taba sigari a wuraren taruwar jama'a.

WHO ta ce waɗannan dokoki suna kare kusan mutum bakwai daga cikin 10 faɗawa shan ntaba a duniya, sakamakon shan sigarin da wasu ke yi.

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A 2004, Ireland ta zama ƙasa ta farko a duniya da ta haramta shan sigari a wuraren taruwar jama'a kamar ofisoshi da mashayu da gidajen cin abinci ta tasoshin mota da sauransu.

Tun daga wannan lokaci, wasu ƙarin ƙasashen ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai (EU), 16 suka gabatar da irin wannan doka a ƙasashen, duk da cewa EU ta ce wasu daga cikin ƙasashen ba su ƙaƙaba dokar da tsauri ba.

A yanzu kuma duka ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka na da dokokin hana shan tabar.

A 2006, Uruguay ta haramta shan taba sigari a wuraren taruwar jama'a da ke rufe da kusa da asibitoci da makarantu.

Paraguay ce ƙasa ta ƙarshe a nahiyar da ta ɓullo da dokar hana shan taba.

Amma tun 2020, mutanen ƙasar kan sha tabar ne kawai a wasu ƙayyadaddun wurare.

A 2023, Mexico ta ɓullo da dokar hana shan taba sigari mafi tsauri a duniya, dokar hana shan tabar a duka wuraren taruwar jama'a ciki har da wuraren shaƙatawa, wuraren wasan yara da otal-otal, ofisoshi da gidajen cin abinci.

Hakan na nufin ba inda 'yan ƙasar za su sha tabar, in ba gidajensu ba.

Daga watan Yulin 2024, dole ne kamfanonin sarrafa taba sigari a Canada su riƙa wallafa gargaɗin lafiya a jikin kowane karan sigari.

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Hukumar Lafiya ya yankin Amurka ta ce akan samu mutuwar kusan mutum miliyan guda a kowace shekara a yankin, sabo da shan taba sigari ko shaƙar hayaƙin tabar, daga masu shanta.

Ko dakar hana shan tabar tana aiki?

Hukumar Lafiyar ta Birtaniya tare da haɗin gwiwar cibiyar bincike ta Care researxh sun duba tasirin dakokin han shan tabar a ƙasashe 21.

Kuma sun ce sun samu hujjojin cewa an rage samuwar masu cutukajn bugun zuciya da shanyewar ɓarin jiki, da Asma.

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A 2007 an faɗaɗa dokar hana shan taba sigari a rufaffun wurare da wuraren aiki a faɗin Birtaniya.

Wani bincike da aka wallafa a mujallar Kula da Aikin Lafiya ta Birtaniya 'British Medical Journal' ya nuna cewa mutum 1,200 ne kawai aka kwantar a asibiti sakamakon cutar bugun zuciya a shekara fiye da shekarar da ta gabace ta.

Bayan haramta shan taba sigari a wuraren taruwar jama'a a Scotland, adadin yaran da ke zuwa asibiti sakamakon cutar Asma ya ragu zuwa ɗaya cikin biyar na aƙallan shekara uku, kamar yadda wani bincike da jami'ar Glasgow ta gudanar.

Kafin dokar hana shan taba sigari a Scotland, adadin yaran da ake kwantarwa a asibiti sakamakon cutar Asma na ƙaruwa da kashi biyar a kowacce shekara.

Kuma dokar hana shan tabar ta tilasta wa mafi yawan mutane haƙura da ɗabi'ar shan tabar.

Wasu alƙaluma da gwamnatin Birtaniya ta fitar, sun nuna cewa a shekarar 2006, kashi 22 na matasa a Birtaniya na shan taba sigari, amma a shekarar 2023 adadin ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, WHO, ta ce sakamakon matakan hana shan taba sigari da aka shafe shekara 15 ana ɗauka a faɗin duniya, ya sa adadin masu shan tabar ya ragu zuwa miliyan 300 a duniya, saɓanin yadda suke a baya.