Greg Carling, a geology professor at Brigham Young University, noted that air Pollution in the Wasatch Front spikes sharply each July. This is when Utah residents celebrate Independence Day and Pioneer Day with numerous fireworks displays. Over the past two years, Carling and his team have been monitoring air Pollution in Provo and Salt Lake City to understand the impact of these displays.

Their research, published in Applied Geochemistry, reveals that fireworks contribute significantly to air Pollution, introducing high levels of copper and barium into the atmosphere. These metals, which create the vibrant colors in fireworks, are a source of concern. Comparatively, during winter inversions, high levels of arsenic, lead, and thallium are detected.

“Despite multiple sources of Pollution in the Wasatch Front, fireworks are a notable contributor,” Carling stated. The metals found in fireworks include barium for green colors, copper for blue, lithium and strontium for reds, and aluminum for whites. The Utah Department of Environmental Quality warns that while a single fireworks display may not cause lasting health effects, repeated exposure can be problematic. These metals can linger in the environment, contaminating soil, water, and crops.

The Department of Environmental Quality advises that the short-term spike in particulate air Pollution from fireworks can trigger asthma attacks, exacerbate lung disease, and cause acute bronchitis. For individuals with heart conditions, this Pollution can lead to heart attacks and arrhythmias. Vulnerable groups, including young children, the elderly, and those with heart or lung disease, are advised to stay indoors and close windows during fireworks displays.

In response to these concerns, some cities are exploring alternatives to traditional fireworks. Salt Lake City, for instance, has adopted drone displays to celebrate Independence Day. These drone shows use LED lights to create shapes and images in the night sky, eliminating the pollution associated with fireworks.

Park City and Millcreek are among other cities planning drone shows this summer, highlighting a growing trend towards cleaner and safer celebrations. While drones may not replicate the spectacle of fireworks, they offer an entertaining and environmentally friendly alternative.

As awareness of the environmental impact of fireworks grows, more communities may consider transitioning to these innovative displays, balancing celebration with sustainability.

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