The championship battle will be determined this Saturday as Emma Hayes' team faces Manchester United and Manchester City plays against Aston Villa (both matches kicking off at 15:00 BST).
Maika Hamano scored the only goal of the game in the 37th minute from a Guro Reiten cross, putting Chelsea in a good position to take advantage of their extra game compared to City.
Hamano missed an earlier chance with a diving header over the crossbar, and Chelsea had two penalty appeals denied.
Tottenham came close to equalizing after the break, but Ashleigh Neville missed a chance from close range after a corner.
The title race is heating up
Chelsea's victory guarantees an exciting end to the season to determine the champions.
By closing the gap on City with their extra game, Chelsea needed a strong performance against Tottenham to take the lead.
Spurs aimed to recover from their loss in the FA Cup final and took control right from the start by dominating the midfield and winning possession. However, Chelsea persisted in their quest for victory.
They created scoring opportunities mainly through the left flank, with Reiten and Niamh Charles combining effectively on the wing. Additionally, they spread the ball around the midfield to stretch the home team's defense.
Chelsea struggled to find the finishing touch until Hamano scored from Reiten's cross to open the scoring.
Despite Tottenham's initial resistance, they eventually succumbed to the visitors' aggressive attacking style and failed to capitalize on counter-attacks.
Chelsea felt aggrieved when the referee did not award a penalty for a foul on Melanie Leupolz and when a shot from Hamano struck Luana Buhler's arm. However, these decisions did not significantly impact the outcome.
Although Chelsea may have been the better team in the second half, Spurs failed to create clear-cut chances, registering only 0.73 expected goals compared to Chelsea's 2.08, resulting in the visitors securing a crucial three points.
The Premier League title is now within Chelsea's reach, but there is still work to be done.
With FA Cup champions Manchester United, who defeated Chelsea in the semi-finals, awaiting them on the final day, Hayes' team faces a tough challenge as they aim to win silverware for their departing manager.